The Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS-USA) consists of more than sixty integrated, high-precision samples of the American population drawn from sixteen federal censuses, from the American Community Surveys of 2000-present, and from the Puerto Rican Community Surveys of 2005-present. IPUMS is not a collection of compiled statistics; it is composed of microdata which requires statistical analysis software (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R, etc.) to view and manipulate.

Alongside the Census Bureau datasets which have been available through ICPSR for decades this repository also makes available survey instruments, specifications, data dictionaries, codebooks, and other materials provided by the Census Bureau.

For help determining which of the 120 surveys conducted by the Census Bureau each year has data relevant to your research, search by keyword, then use filters for geography, frequency, topic, and subtopic to aid discovery of relevant surveys. An Instructional Video is provided.

ICPSR archives and disseminates census data acquired from the United States Census Bureau as well as files prepared by ICPSR and other principal investigators. Both microdata and aggregate data constitute ICPSR's census holdings. The microdata comprise individual responses to census questions while the aggregate data contain tabulations of the individual responses at various aggregate levels of observation such as states, counties, places, and census tracts.

2005-present. ACS PUMS Documentation

1% and 5% Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) are linked here for Census 2000 and 1990. 1980 files are described and also available from the National Archives

BETA version of tool to replace DataFerret (decommissioned June 2020), is a data analysis and extraction tool that allows you to create custom tables that are not available in the pre-made tables on data.census.gov What is Microdata Access?