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U.S. Census Research Guide

The U.S. Census Bureau conducts several data collection programs about the U.S. population which have their own language, geography, and data portals. This guide is based on a similar guide created by Kelly Smith at UCSD.

For more info...

Raw Data Files

These are computer files intended to be loaded into statistical software for analysis and creating your own tables. In some cases these files can be used with spreadsheet software as well.

Population Schedules

Census population schedules (or "name schedules" or "manuscript census") are copies of the original questionnaires collected during each decennial census. They list the individual names and family information of the people enumerated. Unlike the statistics published soon after the census, the population schedules remain confidential for 72 years. 1930 is the most recent population schedule available.

Contact

Need help? Use the Ask-A-Librarian reference service, or call us at (847) 491-7656, during Research Assistance Desk hours.

To consult with a government information specialist by appointment, contact govinfo@northwestern.edu

About the 1920 Census

Highlights

  • 14th decennial census
  • US population: 105,710,620
  • Illinois population:  6,485,280
  • For the first time, the majority of Americans were living in urban areas.

Questions asked

Address; name; relationship to head of family; sex; race; age; marital status; year of immigration to U.S.; whether naturalized and year of naturalization; school attendance; literacy; place of birth of person and parents; mother tongue of foreign born; ability to speak English; occupation; industry, and class of worker. Supplemental schedules for the blind and for the deaf.

For more information:

Statistics of the 1920 Census

Multi-year census compilations (compare across years): These sources tend to include statistics for large geographic areas (e.g. states), but can be very useful when comparing statistics over time.

Digitized Data Sources

  • National Historical Geographic Information System (NHGIS)
    Hosted at the University of Minnesota, provides aggregate census data and GIS-compatible boundary files for the United States between 1790 and 2014.  Open access to data, although users must create an account.
  • Social Explorer - subscription database, access to NU-affiliated users only.
    Includes Census data 1790-present along with other datasets on health, crime, and other topics.  US emphasis but other national data is also available.  Data can be mapped or data tables extracted.

Key publications:

Print available in the Library

Online access

Vol I: Population. Number and Distribution of Inhabitants
 

From the Census Bureau

Vol. II: Population. General report and analytical tables
 Gov Info Census C 3/a.14/28/5 : 2

From the Census Bureau

Vol III: Population. Composition and characteristics of the population by states
 Gov Info Census C 3/a.14/28/5 : 3

From the Census Bureau

Vol IV: Population. Occupations
 Gov Info Census C 3/a.14/28/5 : 4

From the Census Bureau

Vol V: Agriculture. General Report
 

From the Census Bureau

Vol. 6 Agriculture. Reports for states, with statistics for counties and a summary for the United States and the north, south and west (3 pts)

From the Census Bureau

Vol VII: Irrigation and Drainage. General Report and Analytical Tables

From the Census Bureau

Vol VIII: Manufactures. General report and analytical tables

From the Census Bureau

Vol IX: Manufactures. Reports for states, with statistics for principal cities

From the Census Bureau

Vol X: Manufactures. Reports for Selected Industries

From the Census Bureau

Vol XI: Mines and Quarries. General Report and analytical tables and reports for states and selected industries.

From the Census Bureau

Abstract

From the Census Bureau

Statistical atlas of the United States.

n/a

State Compendium

From the Census Bureau

Increase of population n the United States 1910-1920.

From the Census Bureau

Mortgages on Homes

From the Census Bureau

The integration of industrial operation

From the Census Bureau

Farm tenancy in the United States

From the Census Bureau

School attendance in 1920

From the Census Bureau

Farm population of the United States

From the Census Bureau

Immigrants and their children, 1920.

From the Census Bureau

The growth of manufactures, 1899 to 1923.

From the Census Bureau

Women in gainful occupations, 1870 to 1920.

From the Census Bureau

Earnings of Factory workers, 1899 to 1927.

From the Census Bureau

Ratio of children to women, 1920.

n/a

Negroes in the United States, 1920-1932
 
Main Library Reference Large 312.73 U581ne
OR
 Main Library Stacks Large Section (Large 312.73 U581ne 1969 )

 n/a

The blind population of the United States, 1920. A statistical analysis of the data obtained at the Fourteenth decennial census.
  Gov Info Census  C 3.3:B 61/2  

n/a
Mortality rates 1910-1920 with population of the federal censuses of 1910 and 1920 and intercensal estimates of population.
  Gov Info Census   C 3.2:M 84
 n/a